Aide

Word study · Greek

πνεῦμα

pneumaG4151

spirit/breath: spirit

Used 379 times in the tagged text.

G4151G · πνεῦμα · spirit/breath: spirit

What it means

  • of air in motion;
  • Of the vital principle, the spirit
  • spirit, i.e. frame of mind, disposition, influence
  • An incorporeal being, a spirit
  • Of the Holy Spirit, π. ἅγιον, τὸ ἅ. π., τὸ π. τὸ ἅ. τὸ π., π
Full dictionary entry (technical)
  • πνεῦμα, -τος, τό,
  • [in LXX chiefly and very frequently for רוּחַ ;]
  • 1. of air in motion;
  • (a) wind: Jhn.3:8; pl., Heb.1:7 (LXX);
  • (b) breath: π. ζωῆς, Rev.11:11; π. τοῦ στόματος, figuratively, 2Th.2:8 (cf. Ps 32 (33)6).
  • 2. Of the vital principle, the spirit (Arist., Polyb., al.): Luk.8:55, Jhn.19:30, Act.7:59, al.; opposite to σάρξ, Mat.26:41, Mrk.14:38, 1Co.5:5, al.; to σῶμα, Rom.8:10, 1Co.6:17 7:34, 1Pe.4:6; to ψυχή, Php.1:27, Heb.4:12; τὸ π. καὶ ἡ ψ. καὶ τ. σῶμα, 1Th.5:23 (M, Th., in l.); dative, τῷ π., in spirit, Mrk.2:8 8:12, Jhn.11:33 13:21, Act.18:25, Rom.12:11, 1Co.7:34, 1Pe.3:18, al.; of the human spirit of Christ, Rom.1:4, 1Ti.3:16.
  • 3. spirit, i.e. frame of mind, disposition, influence: Luk.1:17, Rom.8:15, 1Co.4:21, Gal 6:1, Eph.2:2, 2Ti.1:7, 1Jn.4:6, al.
  • 4. An incorporeal being, a spirit: Luk.24:37, 39 Act.23:8; π. ὁ θεός, God is spirit, Jhn.4:24; πατὴρ τῶν π., Heb.12:9; of disembodied human beings, Heb.12:23, 1Pe.3:19 (ICC, in l.; DB, iii, 795); of angels. Heb.1:14; of demons or evil spirits, Mat.8:16, Mrk.9:20, Luk.9:39, al.; π. πύθυωνα, Act.16:16; πνεύματα δαιμονίων, Rev.16:14; π. δαιμονίου ἀκαθάρτου, Luk.4:33; π. ἀσθενείας (Bl., §35, 5), Luk.13:11; π. ἀκάθαρτον, Mat.10:1, Mrk.1:23, Luk.4:36, Act.5:16; π. ἄλαλον (καὶ κωφόν), Mrk.9:17, 25; πονηρόν, Luk.7:21, Act.19:12, al.
  • 5. Of the Holy Spirit, π. ἅγιον, τὸ ἅ. π., τὸ π. τὸ ἅ. τὸ π., π. (the article as a rule being used when the Spirit is regarded as a Person or a Divine Power, and omitted when the reference is to an operation, influence or gift of the Spirit; see WM, 151:5; Bl., §46, 7): anarth., Mat.1:18 3:11, 16 4:1, Mrk.1:8 (Swete, in l.), ib.10, Luk.1:15, Jhn.7:39, Act.19:2, Rom.5:5, 1Co.2:4, al.; with art., Mat.4:1 12:31, 32 Mrk.1:10 3:29, Luk.2:26, Jhn.7:36 14:26, Act.4:31 5:3, Rom.8:16, al.; (τὸ) π. (τοῦ) θεοῦ, Mat.3:16, Rom.8:9, Eph.3:16, 1Jn.4:2, al.; τὸ π. τ. πατρός, Mat.10:20; π. θεοῦ ζῶντος, 2Co.3:3; (τὸ) π. τοῦ κυρίου, Luk.4:18, Act.5:9 8:39; τὸ π. Ἰησοῦ, Act.16:7; Χριστοῦ, Rom.8:9; Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, Php.1:19; τὸ π. τ. ἀληθείας, Jhn.15:26 16:13, 1Jn.4:6; λείγει (μαρτυρεῖ) τὸ π. (τὸ ἅγιον), Act.21:11 28:25, 1Ti.4:1, Heb.3:7 10:15, Rev.14:13; before τ. ἐκκλησίαις, Rev.2:7, 11 17, 29, 3:6, 12, 22; ἐν τ. π., Luk.2:27; κατὰ πνεῦμα, Rom.8:4, 5; ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ π., Jhn.3:5, διὰ πνεύματος αἰωνίου, Heb.9:14; ἐν ἁγιασμῷ πνεύματος, 2Th.2:13, 1Pe.1:2; ἓν π., 1Co.12:13, Eph.2:18 4:4; ὁ δὲ κύριος τὸ π. ἐστιν, 2Co.3:17; of that which is effected or governed by the Spirit, opposite to γράμμα, Rom.2:29 7:6, 2Co.3:6.
  • SYN.: νοῦς, which in NT is contrasted with π. as "the action of the understanding in man with that of the spiritual or ecstatic impulse" (DB, iv, 612); ψυχή — the usual term in cl. psychology—in NT, "expresses man as apart from God, a separate individual, π. expresses man as drawing his life from God" (DB, 1-vol., 872). (AS)

G4151H · πνεῦμα · spirit/breath: breath

What it means

  • of air in motion;
  • Of the vital principle, the spirit
  • spirit, i.e. frame of mind, disposition, influence
  • An incorporeal being, a spirit
  • Of the Holy Spirit, π. ἅγιον, τὸ ἅ. π., τὸ π. τὸ ἅ. τὸ π., π
Full dictionary entry (technical)
  • πνεῦμα, -τος, τό,
  • [in LXX chiefly and very frequently for רוּחַ ;]
  • 1. of air in motion;
  • (a) wind: Jhn.3:8; pl., Heb.1:7 (LXX);
  • (b) breath: π. ζωῆς, Rev.11:11; π. τοῦ στόματος, figuratively, 2Th.2:8 (cf. Ps 32 (33)6).
  • 2. Of the vital principle, the spirit (Arist., Polyb., al.): Luk.8:55, Jhn.19:30, Act.7:59, al.; opposite to σάρξ, Mat.26:41, Mrk.14:38, 1Co.5:5, al.; to σῶμα, Rom.8:10, 1Co.6:17 7:34, 1Pe.4:6; to ψυχή, Php.1:27, Heb.4:12; τὸ π. καὶ ἡ ψ. καὶ τ. σῶμα, 1Th.5:23 (M, Th., in l.); dative, τῷ π., in spirit, Mrk.2:8 8:12, Jhn.11:33 13:21, Act.18:25, Rom.12:11, 1Co.7:34, 1Pe.3:18, al.; of the human spirit of Christ, Rom.1:4, 1Ti.3:16.
  • 3. spirit, i.e. frame of mind, disposition, influence: Luk.1:17, Rom.8:15, 1Co.4:21, Gal 6:1, Eph.2:2, 2Ti.1:7, 1Jn.4:6, al.
  • 4. An incorporeal being, a spirit: Luk.24:37, 39 Act.23:8; π. ὁ θεός, God is spirit, Jhn.4:24; πατὴρ τῶν π., Heb.12:9; of disembodied human beings, Heb.12:23, 1Pe.3:19 (ICC, in l.; DB, iii, 795); of angels. Heb.1:14; of demons or evil spirits, Mat.8:16, Mrk.9:20, Luk.9:39, al.; π. πύθυωνα, Act.16:16; πνεύματα δαιμονίων, Rev.16:14; π. δαιμονίου ἀκαθάρτου, Luk.4:33; π. ἀσθενείας (Bl., §35, 5), Luk.13:11; π. ἀκάθαρτον, Mat.10:1, Mrk.1:23, Luk.4:36, Act.5:16; π. ἄλαλον (καὶ κωφόν), Mrk.9:17, 25; πονηρόν, Luk.7:21, Act.19:12, al.
  • 5. Of the Holy Spirit, π. ἅγιον, τὸ ἅ. π., τὸ π. τὸ ἅ. τὸ π., π. (the article as a rule being used when the Spirit is regarded as a Person or a Divine Power, and omitted when the reference is to an operation, influence or gift of the Spirit; see WM, 151:5; Bl., §46, 7): anarth., Mat.1:18 3:11, 16 4:1, Mrk.1:8 (Swete, in l.), ib.10, Luk.1:15, Jhn.7:39, Act.19:2, Rom.5:5, 1Co.2:4, al.; with art., Mat.4:1 12:31, 32 Mrk.1:10 3:29, Luk.2:26, Jhn.7:36 14:26, Act.4:31 5:3, Rom.8:16, al.; (τὸ) π. (τοῦ) θεοῦ, Mat.3:16, Rom.8:9, Eph.3:16, 1Jn.4:2, al.; τὸ π. τ. πατρός, Mat.10:20; π. θεοῦ ζῶντος, 2Co.3:3; (τὸ) π. τοῦ κυρίου, Luk.4:18, Act.5:9 8:39; τὸ π. Ἰησοῦ, Act.16:7; Χριστοῦ, Rom.8:9; Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, Php.1:19; τὸ π. τ. ἀληθείας, Jhn.15:26 16:13, 1Jn.4:6; λείγει (μαρτυρεῖ) τὸ π. (τὸ ἅγιον), Act.21:11 28:25, 1Ti.4:1, Heb.3:7 10:15, Rev.14:13; before τ. ἐκκλησίαις, Rev.2:7, 11 17, 29, 3:6, 12, 22; ἐν τ. π., Luk.2:27; κατὰ πνεῦμα, Rom.8:4, 5; ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ π., Jhn.3:5, διὰ πνεύματος αἰωνίου, Heb.9:14; ἐν ἁγιασμῷ πνεύματος, 2Th.2:13, 1Pe.1:2; ἓν π., 1Co.12:13, Eph.2:18 4:4; ὁ δὲ κύριος τὸ π. ἐστιν, 2Co.3:17; of that which is effected or governed by the Spirit, opposite to γράμμα, Rom.2:29 7:6, 2Co.3:6.
  • SYN.: νοῦς, which in NT is contrasted with π. as "the action of the understanding in man with that of the spiritual or ecstatic impulse" (DB, iv, 612); ψυχή — the usual term in cl. psychology—in NT, "expresses man as apart from God, a separate individual, π. expresses man as drawing his life from God" (DB, 1-vol., 872). (AS)

Same idea, other words · Spirit, breath and soul

In both languages the word for spirit also means breath or wind, and the word for soul can mean life itself. Translators have to choose; readers should know there is a choice.

Where it appears

  • Matthew19
  • Mark23
  • Luke36
  • John24
  • Acts70
  • Romans34
  • 1 Corinthians40
  • 2 Corinthians17
  • Galatians18
  • Ephesians14
  • Philippians5
  • Colossians2
  • 1 Thessalonians5
  • 2 Thessalonians3
  • 1 Timothy3
  • 2 Timothy3
  • Titus1
  • Philemon1
  • Hebrews12
  • James2
  • 1 Peter8
  • 2 Peter1
  • 1 John12
  • Jude2
  • Revelation24

Every use · 151–200 of 379 · BSB

  1. Acts 16:6πνεύματοςSpirit

    After the Holy Spirit had prevented them from speaking the word in the province of Asia, they traveled through the region of Phrygia and Galatia.

  2. Acts 16:7πνεῦμαSpirit

    And when they came to the border of Mysia, they tried to enter Bithynia, but the Spirit of Jesus would not permit them.

  3. Acts 16:16πνεῦμαa spirit

    One day as we were going to the place of prayer, we were met by a slave girl with a spirit of divination, who earned a large income for her masters by fortune-telling.

  4. Acts 16:18πνεύματιspirit

    She continued this for many days. Eventually Paul grew so aggravated that he turned and said to the spirit, “In the name of Jesus Christ I command you to come out of her!” And the spirit left her at that very moment.

  5. Acts 17:16πνεῦμαspirit

    While Paul was waiting for them in Athens, he was deeply disturbed in his spirit to see that the city was full of idols.

  6. Acts 18:25πνεύματιin spirit

    He had been instructed in the way of the Lord and was fervent in spirit. He spoke and taught accurately about Jesus, though he knew only the baptism of John.

  7. Acts 19:2πνεῦμα[the] Spirit

    and asked them, “Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you became believers?” “No,” they answered, “we have not even heard that there is a Holy Spirit.”

  8. Acts 19:2πνεῦμαSpirit

    and asked them, “Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you became believers?” “No,” they answered, “we have not even heard that there is a Holy Spirit.”

  9. Acts 19:6πνεῦμαSpirit

    And when Paul laid his hands on them, the Holy Spirit came upon them, and they spoke in tongues and prophesied.

  10. Acts 19:12πνεύματαspirits

    so that even handkerchiefs and aprons that had touched him were taken to the sick, and the diseases and evil spirits left them.

  11. Acts 19:13πνεύματαspirits

    Now there were some itinerant Jewish exorcists who tried to invoke the name of the Lord Jesus over those with evil spirits. They would say, “I bind you by Jesus, whom Paul proclaims.”

  12. Acts 19:15πνεῦμαspirit

    Eventually, one of the evil spirits answered them, “Jesus I know, and I know about Paul, but who are you?”

  13. Acts 19:16πνεῦμαspirit

    Then the man with the evil spirit jumped on them and overpowered them all. The attack was so violent that they ran out of the house naked and wounded.

  14. Acts 19:21πνεύματιSpirit

    After these things had happened, Paul resolved in the Spirit to go to Jerusalem after he had passed through Macedonia and Achaia. “After I have been there,” he said, “I must see Rome as well.”

  15. Acts 20:22πνεύματιSpirit

    And now, compelled by the Spirit, I am going to Jerusalem, not knowing what will happen to me there.

  16. Acts 20:23πνεῦμαSpirit

    I only know that in town after town the Holy Spirit warns me that chains and afflictions await me.

  17. Acts 20:28πνεῦμαSpirit

    Keep watch over yourselves and the entire flock of which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers. Be shepherds of the church of God, which He purchased with His own blood.

  18. Acts 21:4πνεύματοςSpirit

    We sought out the disciples in Tyre and stayed with them seven days. Through the Spirit they kept telling Paul not to go up to Jerusalem.

  19. Acts 21:11πνεῦμαSpirit

    Coming over to us, he took Paul’s belt, bound his own feet and hands, and said, “The Holy Spirit says: ‘In this way the Jews of Jerusalem will bind the owner of this belt and hand him over to the Gentiles.’”

  20. Acts 23:8πνεῦμα·spirit;

    For the Sadducees say that there is neither a resurrection, nor angels, nor spirits, but the Pharisees acknowledge them all.

  21. Acts 23:9πνεῦμαa spirit

    A great clamor arose, and some scribes from the party of the Pharisees got up and contended sharply, “We find nothing wrong with this man. What if a spirit or an angel has spoken to him?”

  22. Acts 28:25πνεῦμαSpirit

    They disagreed among themselves and began to leave after Paul had made this final statement: “The Holy Spirit was right when He spoke to your fathers through Isaiah the prophet:

  23. Romans 1:4πνεῦμαSpirit

    and who through the Spirit of holiness was declared with power to be the Son of God by His resurrection from the dead: Jesus Christ our Lord.

  24. Romans 1:9πνεύματίspirit

    God, whom I serve with my spirit in preaching the gospel of His Son, is my witness how constantly I remember you

  25. Romans 2:29πνεύματιspirit

    No, a man is a Jew because he is one inwardly, and circumcision is a matter of the heart, by the Spirit, not by the written code. Such a man’s praise does not come from men, but from God.

  26. Romans 5:5πνεύματος[the] Spirit

    And hope does not disappoint us, because God has poured out His love into our hearts through the Holy Spirit, whom He has given us.

  27. Romans 7:6πνεύματοςof [the] Spirit

    But now, having died to what bound us, we have been released from the law, so that we serve in the new way of the Spirit, and not in the old way of the written code.

  28. Romans 8:2πνεύματοςSpirit

    For in Christ Jesus the law of the Spirit of life set you free from the law of sin and death.

  29. Romans 8:4πνεῦμα.[the] Spirit.

    so that the righteous standard of the law might be fulfilled in us, who do not walk according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.

  30. Romans 8:5πνεῦμαSpirit

    Those who live according to the flesh set their minds on the things of the flesh; but those who live according to the Spirit set their minds on the things of the Spirit.

  31. Romans 8:5πνεύματος.Spirit.

    Those who live according to the flesh set their minds on the things of the flesh; but those who live according to the Spirit set their minds on the things of the Spirit.

  32. Romans 8:6πνεύματοςSpirit

    The mind of the flesh is death, but the mind of the Spirit is life and peace,

  33. Romans 8:9πνεύματι,Spirit,

    You, however, are controlled not by the flesh, but by the Spirit, if the Spirit of God lives in you. And if anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ, he does not belong to Christ.

  34. Romans 8:9πνεῦμαSpirit

    You, however, are controlled not by the flesh, but by the Spirit, if the Spirit of God lives in you. And if anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ, he does not belong to Christ.

  35. Romans 8:9πνεῦμα[the] Spirit

    You, however, are controlled not by the flesh, but by the Spirit, if the Spirit of God lives in you. And if anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ, he does not belong to Christ.

  36. Romans 8:10πνεῦμαSpirit

    But if Christ is in you, your body is dead because of sin, yet your spirit is alive because of righteousness.

  37. Romans 8:11πνεῦμαSpirit

    And if the Spirit of Him who raised Jesus from the dead is living in you, He who raised Christ Jesus from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through His Spirit, who lives in you.

  38. Romans 8:11πνεύματοςSpirit

    And if the Spirit of Him who raised Jesus from the dead is living in you, He who raised Christ Jesus from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through His Spirit, who lives in you.

  39. Romans 8:13πνεύματιby [the] Spirit

    For if you live according to the flesh, you will die; but if by the Spirit you put to death the deeds of the body, you will live.

  40. Romans 8:14πνεύματιby [the] Spirit

    For all who are led by the Spirit of God are sons of God.

  41. Romans 8:15πνεῦμαa spirit

    For you did not receive a spirit of slavery that returns you to fear, but you received the Spirit of sonship, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!”

  42. Romans 8:15πνεῦμα[the] Spirit

    For you did not receive a spirit of slavery that returns you to fear, but you received the Spirit of sonship, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!”

  43. Romans 8:16πνεῦμαSpirit

    The Spirit Himself testifies with our spirit that we are God’s children.

  44. Romans 8:16πνεύματιspirit

    The Spirit Himself testifies with our spirit that we are God’s children.

  45. Romans 8:23πνεύματοςSpirit

    Not only that, but we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for our adoption as sons, the redemption of our bodies.

  46. Romans 8:26πνεῦμαSpirit

    In the same way, the Spirit helps us in our weakness. For we do not know how we ought to pray, but the Spirit Himself intercedes for us with groans too deep for words.

  47. Romans 8:26πνεῦμαSpirit

    In the same way, the Spirit helps us in our weakness. For we do not know how we ought to pray, but the Spirit Himself intercedes for us with groans too deep for words.

  48. Romans 8:27πνεύματος,Spirit,

    And He who searches our hearts knows the mind of the Spirit, because the Spirit intercedes for the saints according to the will of God.

  49. Romans 9:1πνεύματιSpirit

    I speak the truth in Christ; I am not lying, as confirmed by my conscience in the Holy Spirit.

  50. Romans 11:8πνεῦμαa spirit

    as it is written: “God gave them a spirit of stupor, eyes that could not see, and ears that could not hear, to this very day.”

Text, tags and lexicon: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House), CC BY 4.0.