Aide

Word study · Greek

πνεῦμα

pneumaG4151

spirit/breath: spirit

Used 379 times in the tagged text.

G4151G · πνεῦμα · spirit/breath: spirit

What it means

  • of air in motion;
  • Of the vital principle, the spirit
  • spirit, i.e. frame of mind, disposition, influence
  • An incorporeal being, a spirit
  • Of the Holy Spirit, π. ἅγιον, τὸ ἅ. π., τὸ π. τὸ ἅ. τὸ π., π
Full dictionary entry (technical)
  • πνεῦμα, -τος, τό,
  • [in LXX chiefly and very frequently for רוּחַ ;]
  • 1. of air in motion;
  • (a) wind: Jhn.3:8; pl., Heb.1:7 (LXX);
  • (b) breath: π. ζωῆς, Rev.11:11; π. τοῦ στόματος, figuratively, 2Th.2:8 (cf. Ps 32 (33)6).
  • 2. Of the vital principle, the spirit (Arist., Polyb., al.): Luk.8:55, Jhn.19:30, Act.7:59, al.; opposite to σάρξ, Mat.26:41, Mrk.14:38, 1Co.5:5, al.; to σῶμα, Rom.8:10, 1Co.6:17 7:34, 1Pe.4:6; to ψυχή, Php.1:27, Heb.4:12; τὸ π. καὶ ἡ ψ. καὶ τ. σῶμα, 1Th.5:23 (M, Th., in l.); dative, τῷ π., in spirit, Mrk.2:8 8:12, Jhn.11:33 13:21, Act.18:25, Rom.12:11, 1Co.7:34, 1Pe.3:18, al.; of the human spirit of Christ, Rom.1:4, 1Ti.3:16.
  • 3. spirit, i.e. frame of mind, disposition, influence: Luk.1:17, Rom.8:15, 1Co.4:21, Gal 6:1, Eph.2:2, 2Ti.1:7, 1Jn.4:6, al.
  • 4. An incorporeal being, a spirit: Luk.24:37, 39 Act.23:8; π. ὁ θεός, God is spirit, Jhn.4:24; πατὴρ τῶν π., Heb.12:9; of disembodied human beings, Heb.12:23, 1Pe.3:19 (ICC, in l.; DB, iii, 795); of angels. Heb.1:14; of demons or evil spirits, Mat.8:16, Mrk.9:20, Luk.9:39, al.; π. πύθυωνα, Act.16:16; πνεύματα δαιμονίων, Rev.16:14; π. δαιμονίου ἀκαθάρτου, Luk.4:33; π. ἀσθενείας (Bl., §35, 5), Luk.13:11; π. ἀκάθαρτον, Mat.10:1, Mrk.1:23, Luk.4:36, Act.5:16; π. ἄλαλον (καὶ κωφόν), Mrk.9:17, 25; πονηρόν, Luk.7:21, Act.19:12, al.
  • 5. Of the Holy Spirit, π. ἅγιον, τὸ ἅ. π., τὸ π. τὸ ἅ. τὸ π., π. (the article as a rule being used when the Spirit is regarded as a Person or a Divine Power, and omitted when the reference is to an operation, influence or gift of the Spirit; see WM, 151:5; Bl., §46, 7): anarth., Mat.1:18 3:11, 16 4:1, Mrk.1:8 (Swete, in l.), ib.10, Luk.1:15, Jhn.7:39, Act.19:2, Rom.5:5, 1Co.2:4, al.; with art., Mat.4:1 12:31, 32 Mrk.1:10 3:29, Luk.2:26, Jhn.7:36 14:26, Act.4:31 5:3, Rom.8:16, al.; (τὸ) π. (τοῦ) θεοῦ, Mat.3:16, Rom.8:9, Eph.3:16, 1Jn.4:2, al.; τὸ π. τ. πατρός, Mat.10:20; π. θεοῦ ζῶντος, 2Co.3:3; (τὸ) π. τοῦ κυρίου, Luk.4:18, Act.5:9 8:39; τὸ π. Ἰησοῦ, Act.16:7; Χριστοῦ, Rom.8:9; Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, Php.1:19; τὸ π. τ. ἀληθείας, Jhn.15:26 16:13, 1Jn.4:6; λείγει (μαρτυρεῖ) τὸ π. (τὸ ἅγιον), Act.21:11 28:25, 1Ti.4:1, Heb.3:7 10:15, Rev.14:13; before τ. ἐκκλησίαις, Rev.2:7, 11 17, 29, 3:6, 12, 22; ἐν τ. π., Luk.2:27; κατὰ πνεῦμα, Rom.8:4, 5; ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ π., Jhn.3:5, διὰ πνεύματος αἰωνίου, Heb.9:14; ἐν ἁγιασμῷ πνεύματος, 2Th.2:13, 1Pe.1:2; ἓν π., 1Co.12:13, Eph.2:18 4:4; ὁ δὲ κύριος τὸ π. ἐστιν, 2Co.3:17; of that which is effected or governed by the Spirit, opposite to γράμμα, Rom.2:29 7:6, 2Co.3:6.
  • SYN.: νοῦς, which in NT is contrasted with π. as "the action of the understanding in man with that of the spiritual or ecstatic impulse" (DB, iv, 612); ψυχή — the usual term in cl. psychology—in NT, "expresses man as apart from God, a separate individual, π. expresses man as drawing his life from God" (DB, 1-vol., 872). (AS)

G4151H · πνεῦμα · spirit/breath: breath

What it means

  • of air in motion;
  • Of the vital principle, the spirit
  • spirit, i.e. frame of mind, disposition, influence
  • An incorporeal being, a spirit
  • Of the Holy Spirit, π. ἅγιον, τὸ ἅ. π., τὸ π. τὸ ἅ. τὸ π., π
Full dictionary entry (technical)
  • πνεῦμα, -τος, τό,
  • [in LXX chiefly and very frequently for רוּחַ ;]
  • 1. of air in motion;
  • (a) wind: Jhn.3:8; pl., Heb.1:7 (LXX);
  • (b) breath: π. ζωῆς, Rev.11:11; π. τοῦ στόματος, figuratively, 2Th.2:8 (cf. Ps 32 (33)6).
  • 2. Of the vital principle, the spirit (Arist., Polyb., al.): Luk.8:55, Jhn.19:30, Act.7:59, al.; opposite to σάρξ, Mat.26:41, Mrk.14:38, 1Co.5:5, al.; to σῶμα, Rom.8:10, 1Co.6:17 7:34, 1Pe.4:6; to ψυχή, Php.1:27, Heb.4:12; τὸ π. καὶ ἡ ψ. καὶ τ. σῶμα, 1Th.5:23 (M, Th., in l.); dative, τῷ π., in spirit, Mrk.2:8 8:12, Jhn.11:33 13:21, Act.18:25, Rom.12:11, 1Co.7:34, 1Pe.3:18, al.; of the human spirit of Christ, Rom.1:4, 1Ti.3:16.
  • 3. spirit, i.e. frame of mind, disposition, influence: Luk.1:17, Rom.8:15, 1Co.4:21, Gal 6:1, Eph.2:2, 2Ti.1:7, 1Jn.4:6, al.
  • 4. An incorporeal being, a spirit: Luk.24:37, 39 Act.23:8; π. ὁ θεός, God is spirit, Jhn.4:24; πατὴρ τῶν π., Heb.12:9; of disembodied human beings, Heb.12:23, 1Pe.3:19 (ICC, in l.; DB, iii, 795); of angels. Heb.1:14; of demons or evil spirits, Mat.8:16, Mrk.9:20, Luk.9:39, al.; π. πύθυωνα, Act.16:16; πνεύματα δαιμονίων, Rev.16:14; π. δαιμονίου ἀκαθάρτου, Luk.4:33; π. ἀσθενείας (Bl., §35, 5), Luk.13:11; π. ἀκάθαρτον, Mat.10:1, Mrk.1:23, Luk.4:36, Act.5:16; π. ἄλαλον (καὶ κωφόν), Mrk.9:17, 25; πονηρόν, Luk.7:21, Act.19:12, al.
  • 5. Of the Holy Spirit, π. ἅγιον, τὸ ἅ. π., τὸ π. τὸ ἅ. τὸ π., π. (the article as a rule being used when the Spirit is regarded as a Person or a Divine Power, and omitted when the reference is to an operation, influence or gift of the Spirit; see WM, 151:5; Bl., §46, 7): anarth., Mat.1:18 3:11, 16 4:1, Mrk.1:8 (Swete, in l.), ib.10, Luk.1:15, Jhn.7:39, Act.19:2, Rom.5:5, 1Co.2:4, al.; with art., Mat.4:1 12:31, 32 Mrk.1:10 3:29, Luk.2:26, Jhn.7:36 14:26, Act.4:31 5:3, Rom.8:16, al.; (τὸ) π. (τοῦ) θεοῦ, Mat.3:16, Rom.8:9, Eph.3:16, 1Jn.4:2, al.; τὸ π. τ. πατρός, Mat.10:20; π. θεοῦ ζῶντος, 2Co.3:3; (τὸ) π. τοῦ κυρίου, Luk.4:18, Act.5:9 8:39; τὸ π. Ἰησοῦ, Act.16:7; Χριστοῦ, Rom.8:9; Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, Php.1:19; τὸ π. τ. ἀληθείας, Jhn.15:26 16:13, 1Jn.4:6; λείγει (μαρτυρεῖ) τὸ π. (τὸ ἅγιον), Act.21:11 28:25, 1Ti.4:1, Heb.3:7 10:15, Rev.14:13; before τ. ἐκκλησίαις, Rev.2:7, 11 17, 29, 3:6, 12, 22; ἐν τ. π., Luk.2:27; κατὰ πνεῦμα, Rom.8:4, 5; ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ π., Jhn.3:5, διὰ πνεύματος αἰωνίου, Heb.9:14; ἐν ἁγιασμῷ πνεύματος, 2Th.2:13, 1Pe.1:2; ἓν π., 1Co.12:13, Eph.2:18 4:4; ὁ δὲ κύριος τὸ π. ἐστιν, 2Co.3:17; of that which is effected or governed by the Spirit, opposite to γράμμα, Rom.2:29 7:6, 2Co.3:6.
  • SYN.: νοῦς, which in NT is contrasted with π. as "the action of the understanding in man with that of the spiritual or ecstatic impulse" (DB, iv, 612); ψυχή — the usual term in cl. psychology—in NT, "expresses man as apart from God, a separate individual, π. expresses man as drawing his life from God" (DB, 1-vol., 872). (AS)

Same idea, other words · Spirit, breath and soul

In both languages the word for spirit also means breath or wind, and the word for soul can mean life itself. Translators have to choose; readers should know there is a choice.

Where it appears

  • Matthew19
  • Mark23
  • Luke36
  • John24
  • Acts70
  • Romans34
  • 1 Corinthians40
  • 2 Corinthians17
  • Galatians18
  • Ephesians14
  • Philippians5
  • Colossians2
  • 1 Thessalonians5
  • 2 Thessalonians3
  • 1 Timothy3
  • 2 Timothy3
  • Titus1
  • Philemon1
  • Hebrews12
  • James2
  • 1 Peter8
  • 2 Peter1
  • 1 John12
  • Jude2
  • Revelation24

Every use · 1–50 of 379 · BSB

  1. Matthew 1:18πνεύματος[the] Spirit

    This is how the birth of Jesus Christ came about: His mother Mary was pledged in marriage to Joseph, but before they came together, she was found to be with child through the Holy Spirit.

  2. Matthew 1:20πνεύματός[the] Spirit

    But after he had pondered these things, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said, “Joseph, son of David, do not be afraid to embrace Mary as your wife, for the One conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit.

  3. Matthew 3:11πνεύματι[the] Spirit

    I baptize you with water for repentance, but after me will come One more powerful than I, whose sandals I am not worthy to carry. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire.

  4. Matthew 3:16πνεῦμαSpirit

    As soon as Jesus was baptized, He went up out of the water. Suddenly the heavens were opened, and He saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and resting on Him.

  5. Matthew 4:1πνεύματοςSpirit

    Then Jesus was led by the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil.

  6. Matthew 5:3πνεύματι,spirit,

    “Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.

  7. Matthew 8:16πνεύματαspirits

    When evening came, many who were demon-possessed were brought to Jesus, and He drove out the spirits with a word and healed all the sick.

  8. Matthew 10:1πνευμάτωνover spirits

    And calling His twelve disciples to Him, Jesus gave them authority over unclean spirits, so that they could drive them out and heal every disease and sickness.

  9. Matthew 10:20πνεῦμαSpirit

    For it will not be you speaking, but the Spirit of your Father speaking through you.

  10. Matthew 12:18πνεῦμάSpirit

    “Here is My Servant, whom I have chosen, My beloved, in whom My soul delights. I will put My Spirit on Him, and He will proclaim justice to the nations.

  11. Matthew 12:28πνεύματιSpirit

    But if I drive out demons by the Spirit of God, then the kingdom of God has come upon you.

  12. Matthew 12:31πνεύματοςSpirit

    Therefore I tell you, every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven men, but the blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven.

  13. Matthew 12:32πνεύματοςSpirit

    Whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man will be forgiven, but whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven, either in this age or in the one to come.

  14. Matthew 12:43πνεῦμαspirit

    When an unclean spirit comes out of a man, it passes through arid places seeking rest and does not find it.

  15. Matthew 12:45πνεύματαspirits

    Then it goes and brings with it seven other spirits more wicked than itself, and they go in and dwell there; and the final plight of that man is worse than the first. So will it be with this wicked generation.”

  16. Matthew 22:43πνεύματιspirit

    Jesus said to them, “How then does David in the Spirit call Him ‘Lord’? For he says:

  17. Matthew 26:41πνεῦμαspirit

    “Watch and pray so that you will not enter into temptation. For the spirit is willing, but the body is weak.”

  18. Matthew 27:50πνεῦμα.¶[His] spirit.

    When Jesus had cried out again in a loud voice, He yielded up His spirit.

  19. Matthew 28:19πνεύματος,Spirit,

    Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit,

  20. Mark 1:8πνεύματι[the] Spirit

    I baptize you with water, but He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit.”

  21. Mark 1:10πνεῦμαSpirit

    As soon as Jesus came up out of the water, He saw the heavens breaking open and the Spirit descending on Him like a dove.

  22. Mark 1:12πνεῦμαSpirit

    At once the Spirit drove Jesus into the wilderness,

  23. Mark 1:23πνεύματιa spirit

    Suddenly a man with an unclean spirit cried out in the synagogue:

  24. Mark 1:26πνεῦμαspirit

    At this, the unclean spirit threw the man into convulsions and came out with a loud shriek.

  25. Mark 1:27πνεύμασινspirits

    All the people were amazed and began to ask one another, “What is this? A new teaching with authority! He commands even the unclean spirits, and they obey Him!”

  26. Mark 2:8πνεύματιspirit

    At once Jesus knew in His spirit that they were thinking this way within themselves. “Why are you thinking these things in your hearts?” He asked.

  27. Mark 3:11πνεύματαspirits

    And when the unclean spirits saw Him, they fell down before Him and cried out, “You are the Son of God!”

  28. Mark 3:29πνεῦμαSpirit

    But whoever blasphemes against the Holy Spirit will never be forgiven; he is guilty of eternal sin.”

  29. Mark 3:30πνεῦμαA spirit

    Jesus made this statement because they were saying, “He has an unclean spirit.”

  30. Mark 5:2πνεύματιa spirit

    As soon as Jesus got out of the boat, He was met by a man with an unclean spirit, who was coming from the tombs.

  31. Mark 5:8πνεῦμαspirit

    For Jesus had already declared, “Come out of this man, you unclean spirit!”

  32. Mark 5:13πνεύματαspirits

    He gave them permission, and the unclean spirits came out and went into the pigs, and the herd of about two thousand rushed down the steep bank into the sea and drowned in the water.

  33. Mark 6:7πνευμάτωνspirits

    Then Jesus called the Twelve to Him and began to send them out two by two, giving them authority over unclean spirits.

  34. Mark 7:25πνεῦμαspirit

    Instead, a woman whose little daughter had an unclean spirit soon heard about Jesus, and she came and fell at His feet.

  35. Mark 8:12πνεύματιspirit

    Jesus sighed deeply in His spirit and said, “Why does this generation demand a sign? Truly I tell you, no sign will be given to this generation.”

  36. Mark 9:17πνεῦμαa spirit

    Someone in the crowd replied, “Teacher, I brought You my son, who has a spirit that makes him mute.

  37. Mark 9:20πνεῦμαspirit

    So they brought him, and seeing Jesus, the spirit immediately threw the boy into a convulsion. He fell to the ground and rolled around, foaming at the mouth.

  38. Mark 9:25πνεύματιspirit

    When Jesus saw that a crowd had come running, He rebuked the unclean spirit. “You deaf and mute spirit,” He said, “I command you to come out and never enter him again.”

  39. Mark 9:25πνεῦμα,spirit,

    When Jesus saw that a crowd had come running, He rebuked the unclean spirit. “You deaf and mute spirit,” He said, “I command you to come out and never enter him again.”

  40. Mark 12:36πνεύματιSpirit

    Speaking by the Holy Spirit, David himself declared: ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at My right hand until I put Your enemies under Your feet.”’

  41. Mark 13:11πνεῦμαSpirit

    But when they arrest you and hand you over, do not worry beforehand what to say. Instead, speak whatever you are given at that time, for it will not be you speaking, but the Holy Spirit.

  42. Mark 14:38πνεῦμαspirit

    Watch and pray so that you will not enter into temptation. For the spirit is willing, but the body is weak.”

  43. Luke 1:15πνεύματος[of the] Spirit

    for he will be great in the sight of the Lord. He shall never take wine or strong drink, and he will be filled with the Holy Spirit even from his mother’s womb.

  44. Luke 1:17πνεύματι[the] spirit

    And he will go on before the Lord in the spirit and power of Elijah, to turn the hearts of the fathers to their children and the disobedient to the wisdom of the righteous—to make ready a people prepared for the Lord.”

  45. Luke 1:35πνεῦμα[the] Spirit

    The angel replied, “The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you. So the Holy One to be born will be called the Son of God.

  46. Luke 1:41πνεύματοςwith [the] Spirit

    When Elizabeth heard Mary’s greeting, the baby leaped in her womb, and Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit.

  47. Luke 1:47πνεῦμάspirit

    and my spirit rejoices in God my Savior!

  48. Luke 1:67πνεύματοςwith [the] Spirit

    Then his father Zechariah was filled with the Holy Spirit and prophesied:

  49. Luke 1:80πνεύματιin spirit

    And the child grew and became strong in spirit; and he lived in the wilderness until the time of his public appearance to Israel.

  50. Luke 2:25πνεῦμα[the] Spirit

    Now there was a man in Jerusalem named Simeon, who was righteous and devout. He was waiting for the consolation of Israel, and the Holy Spirit was upon him.

Text, tags and lexicon: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House), CC BY 4.0.